reading-notes

Class 02 - Basics of HTML, CSS & JS

Understanding the basics of any code is fundamental to lay the groundwork for a successful career as a software developer.

Reading questions and answers

Introduction to HTML

  1. Why is it important to use semantic elements in our HTML?
    Semantic elements have tags that are descriptive of what their purpose is within the HTML document. It is important to use correct semantic element to achieve desired purposes of your page to make the document readable and accessible.
  2. How many levels of headings are there in HTML?
    There are 6 levels of headings. You should refrain from using more than three if possible as content that is too nested could be confusing to read.

  3. What are some uses for the <sup> and <sub> elements?
    The <sup> element is a superscript element and it can be used to generate, for example, the little numbers of an exponential expression or write the ‘th’ of a date.
    The <sub> element is a subscript element and it can be used to generate, for example, the little numbers of in a chemical equation.

  4. When using the <abbr> element, what attribute must be added to provide the full expansion of the term?
    title is the attribute to accompany <abbr> when a full expansion of the term is desired.

Learn CSS

  1. What are ways we can apply CSS to our HTML?
    • Externally stylesheet - this form of CSS code is stored in its own file and linked to your HTML document through a <link> element that is usually nested in the <head> element.
    • Internal stylesheet - the <style> element, also nested in the <head> element, can be used to directly have CSS code within the HTML document at a level that can be applied to the entire document.
    • Inline style - the reading labeled this form of CSS as the opposite of a best practice. This is CSS used in the specific line of the target element. It is added to an element as an attribute.

  2. Why should we avoid using inline styles?
    Using inline styling makes it very challenging read your code or modify your code at a later time. Inline styles will increase the size of your HTML document as this type of style has to be applied specifically to the element you want to target. For this reason, if you with to change the style of part of your website later, you will spend wasted time making changes to each individual, styled element.

  3. Review the block of code below and answer the following questions: h2 { color: black; padding: 5px; }
    1. What is representing the selector?
      h2
    2. Which components are the CSS declarations?
      color: black; padding: 5px;
    3. Which components are considered properties?
      color and padding

Learn JS

  1. What data type is a sequence of text enclosed in single quote marks?
    A string data type.
  2. List 4 types of JavaScript operators.
    1. Addition - adds two numbers or strings together.
    2. Subtraction, multiplication, and division which are self explanatory. Work on numbers.
    3. Assignment - assigns a value to a variable.
  3. Describe a real world Problem you could solve with a Function.
    The automation of self driving cars will be, and is being, solved with many many functions that take an input, or likely many many inputs, and should provide an output of a car that does not wreck into stuff and takes you where you want.

Making Decisions In Your Code – Conditionals

  1. An if statement checks a __ and if it evaluates to ___, then the code block will execute.
    An if statement checks a condition and if it evaluates to true, then the code block will execute.

  2. What is the use of an else if?
    I provides another conditional statement with in a parent if statement for if the first conditional was not true.

  3. List 3 different types of comparison operators.
    • === and !== — test if one value is identical to, or not identical to, another.1
    • < and > — test if one value is less than or greater than another.1
    • <= and >= — test if one value is less than or equal to, or greater than or equal to, another. 1
  4. What is the difference between the logical operator && and ||?
    && stands for AND; allows you to chain together two or more expressions so that all of them have to individually evaluate to true for the whole expression to return true.1
    || stands for OR; allows you to chain together two or more expressions so that one or more of them have to individually evaluate to true for the whole expression to return true.1

Things I want to know more about

===

References

  1. Making Decisions In Your Code – Conditionals ↩ ↩2 ↩3 ↩4 ↩5